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Understanding 'not your keys, not your coins' in bitcoin

Crypto Ownership | Understanding "Not Your Keys, Not Your Coins" with Fidelity

By

Leo Novak

Dec 13, 2025, 08:42 PM

3 minutes reading time

Illustration of private keys and a Bitcoin wallet showcasing the concept of ownership in cryptocurrency.
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The phrase "Not your keys, not your coins" sparks fresh debates among investors as Fidelity offers crypto custody services. Some are questioning the implications of this custodial approach on true asset ownership.

The Custodial Dilemma

Fidelity's crypto services allow customers to buy Bitcoin; however, the firm retains control of the private keys to those assets. This has led to concerns about the effective ownership of Bitcoin purchased through their platform. As one commenter noted, "If you don't control your private keys, you don't fully control the Bitcoin."

What Really Happens When You Buy Bitcoin Through Fidelity?

Comments reveal that while legally customers own the Bitcoin, practically speaking, they lack direct control. Many underscore the risks associated with centralized storage, such as "exposure to tax theft, asset forfeiture, and the potential for exchanges to refuse payouts."

Interestingly, critics argue that keeping Bitcoin on exchanges invites security vulnerabilities. A user stated, "Having centralized exchanges makes it a desirable target for attacks" emphasizing the risks of security breaches and potential losses.

The Pros and Cons of Using Fidelity

Pros:

  • Convenient for investors already utilizing Fidelity services

  • May provide easier access to buy and sell Bitcoin compared to self-custody

  • Potential legal protections surrounding heirs and succession

Cons:

  • The real asset control resides with Fidelity, not the customer

  • Users may face risks like bankruptcy or fraud associated with custodial services

  • Funds may be subjected to fractional reserve banking practices

The Ownership Debate Continues

The crux of the discussion centers on what ownership truly means in the context of Bitcoin. One postulates a scenario: "Imagine you inherit a ring stored in a bank safety deposit box; you need the bankโ€™s key to access it. If you keep it at home, you control it completely."

This analogy perfectly illustrates concerns about asset control in digital currencies. As the ecosystem evolves, more users seem to be weighing their options carefully, especially in a batch of comments that leaned towards self-custody as the safest route.

Key Takeaways

  • ๐Ÿ”‘ True control lies in self-custody. Without holding the keys, you don't genuinely own the cryptocurrency.

  • ๐Ÿ“‰ Centralization brings risks. Commentary highlighted increased risk factors when using custodial services.

  • โš–๏ธ Legal ownership vs. practical control. Fidelity customers may own Bitcoin in theory, but they lack effective control over it.

In an age where many are turning their attention to cryptocurrency investments, understanding the implications of custodial services like those offered by Fidelity is vital for making informed decisions.

Future Control in Crypto Ownership

As discussions about custodial services continue, thereโ€™s a strong chance that more people will transition towards self-custody solutions in the coming years. Market research indicates that about 70% of recent cryptocurrency investors are increasingly concerned about the risks of centralized control over their assets. Experts estimate around 60% may choose to use hardware wallets or other decentralized options, driven by a desire for greater security and control over their investments. The implications of this shift could significantly reshape the landscape of cryptocurrency ownership.

Historical Echoes in Financial Control

This situation recalls the early 20th-century phenomena of bank failures during economic downturns when depositors realized their funds were not fully theirs while held in financial institutions. Just as those individuals sought to secure their wealth in a more personal manner, todayโ€™s investors are moving toward solutions that prioritize self-reliance. The common thread here is the persistent realization that without direct control, ownership risks become starkly illuminated, leading individuals to seek alternatives that ensure their financial security.