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Bitcoin and say's law: currency value explained

Bitcoin's Future: What Jean-Baptiste Say Teaches Us About Currency Value

By

Ravi Singh

Dec 11, 2025, 07:36 AM

2 minutes reading time

Graphic showing Bitcoin symbol with currency symbols and arrows indicating movement and value increase
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In a world increasingly moved by digital currency, the principles set by economist Jean-Baptiste Say resurface with new significance. His theories suggest a strong relationship between the quantity and speed of currency circulation, raising questions about Bitcoinโ€™s future as a global standard.

Key Insights from Say's Economic Principles

Say argues that money's value is tied to its mass and its rate of circulation. In simpler terms, the less money moves around rapidly, the more its value increases.

  • Quantity Matters: Bitcoin has a capped supply of 21 million, adhering firmly to Say's idea of "constrained mass."

  • Pace of Circulation: As Bitcoin is held more as a store of value, its circulation slows, potentially increasing its worth.

The current market price of Bitcoin hovers around $92,111. But depending on monetary aggregates, it could surge up to $380,000 if it becomes widely accepted. As one observer noted, "If BTC replaces traditional currency, expect massive implications for its value."

Examining Transaction Efficiency

Analyzing transaction rates offers additional context to Bitcoin's viability:

  • Current Performance: Bitcoin processes about seven transactions per second.

  • Comparison: For reference, SWIFT handles roughly 486 transactions per second, showcasing Bitcoin's limitations in high-volume scenarios.

The Power of Perception

Cryptocurrency enthusiasts suggest that Bitcoin's reliability as a unit of account may increase if its supply remains fixed. In fact, a sentiment shared by many is that, "The less a currency can be created, the more reliable it is."

Potential Outcomes for Bitcoin's Value

Say's framework presents intriguing forecasts for Bitcoin:

  • If BTC becomes the standard, potential valuations include:

    • M0 Aggregate: $380,000 per unit (ร—4 multiplier)

    • M1 Aggregate: $2,140,000 per unit (ร—23.2 multiplier)

    • M2 Aggregate: $4,520,000 per unit (ร—49.1 multiplier)

    • M3+ Aggregate: โ‰ˆ $5,700,000 per unit (ร—62 multiplier)

Key Takeaways

  • ๐Ÿช™ Bitcoin's fixed supply ensures it meets Say's requirements for reliability.

  • ๐Ÿ“ˆ Higher values could result from slowness in currency circulation.

  • ๐Ÿฆ Many believe Bitcoin's evolution hinges on user behavior and acceptance as a standard.

Despite its challenges, Bitcoin's alignment with economic theories of value presents a powerful argument for its potential ascent in the digital age.

Curiously, as more people explore the complexities of digital currency, the lasting ideas of thinkers like Say continue to echo in today's financial landscape.

What Lies Ahead for Bitcoin's Journey

Thereโ€™s a strong chance that Bitcoin will experience increased adoption as more businesses accept it as a payment method. Experts estimate around a 60% probability for a significant price surge, possibly reaching between $380,000 and $5.7 million in the next few years. The driving factors include its fixed supply and potential dominance over traditional currencies. However, this journey won't be without fluctuations. If Bitcoin can enhance transaction efficiency to rival established financial networks, its acceptance could rise even faster, possibly leading to quicker and broader shifts in economic paradigms.

An Unexpected Lesson from History

Consider the transformation of the telephone in the early 20th century. Initially, it was seen as a luxury item, reserved for the wealthy. However, its adoption surged when businesses recognized its utility in improving communication. Just like the telephone, Bitcoin might redefine value by shifting from an alternative investment to an everyday currency. As history shows, true acceptance often comes when people view a technology as essential, not simply innovative. This could mirror Bitcoin's path, transitioning from speculation to necessity as more people recognize its practical benefits in everyday transactions.